In News:

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)has successfully conducted its firstIntegrated Air Drop Test (IADT-01) for the Gaganyaan human spaceflight programme, marking a critical milestone in validating astronaut safety systems.

Objective of IADT-01

• Test the end-to-end parachute recovery system of the Gaganyaan crew module.
• Demonstrate reliability, sequencing, and redundancy of drogue, pilot, and main parachutes for controlled deceleration and safe splashdown.
• Ensure astronaut safety during the re-entry and landing phases, considered the riskiest part of any human space mission.

Significance

• Validates a vital safety mechanism for Gaganyaan, boosting confidence ahead of upcoming missions like Test Vehicle-D2 (TV-D2) and the first uncrewedGaganyaan mission (G1).
• Strengthens India’s human-rating capabilities, positioning the country to become the fourth nation with independent crewed spaceflight capability.
• Reflects successful inter-agency collaboration among ISRO, Indian Air Force, DRDO, Navy, and Coast Guard.

Gaganyaan Mission Overview

• Crewed mission scheduled for 2028; uncrewed test flight planned in December 2025.
• Mission profile: Carry a three-member crew to low Earth orbit (~400 km) for up to three days, followed by safe return.
• The programme emphasizes astronaut safety, technological reliability, and operational preparedness, with future tests including additional parachute validations, pad abort trials, and sea recovery rehearsals.

Strategic Importance

• Demonstrates India’s capability in human spaceflight, enhancing its global standing in space technology.
• Paves the way for advanced crewed missions and potential applications in scientific research, space exploration, and international collaborations.