In News:

Darjeeling Mandarin Orange, a premium citrus fruit grown in the hill regions of West Bengal, has been accorded Geographical Indication (GI) status, recognising its unique quality, flavour, and regional identity. With this, it becomes the third GI-tagged product from the Darjeeling region, after Darjeeling Tea and Dalley Khursani chilli.

About Darjeeling Mandarin Orange

• Botanical name: Citrus reticulata Blanco
• Region: Hills of Darjeeling and Kalimpong, West Bengal
• Local name: Suntala
• Economic importance: Major cash crop of the Darjeeling hills, known for distinct aroma, sweetness, and flavour
• Applicant/Owner: Darjeeling Organic Farmers Producer Organisation (DOFPO), Mirik, ensuring community ownership

Climatic & Edaphic Requirements

• Altitude: 600–1,500 metres above mean sea level
• Climate: Frost-free tropical to subtropical
• Rainfall: ~100–120 cm annually
• Temperature: 10°C–35°C
• Soil: Medium to light loamy soils

Production & Significance

• Output (2016): ~15,000 metric tonnes from Darjeeling & Kalimpong districts
• Market: Historically exported; high demand including European markets
• Challenges: Production declined over the past 15 years due to virus and pest attacks
• Expected impact of GI:
  • Revival of cultivation and farmer incomes
  • Protection against misuse/imitations
  • Branding and premium pricing in domestic and export markets

What is a Geographical Indication (GI) Tag?

• A sign identifying goods as originating from a specific region where quality, reputation, or characteristics are attributable to that origin.
• Covered goods: Agricultural products, foodstuffs, wines & spirits, handicrafts, industrial products.
• Legal framework: Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999
• Validity: 10 years, renewable.