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The Grid Connected Rooftop Solar Scheme was launched by the Government of India to promote clean energy, reduce dependence on fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum, and control pollution. By harnessing solar power through rooftop installations, the scheme provides households, institutions, and commercial entities with access to low-cost, sustainable electricity, while contributing to India’s climate goals.

Solar Rooftop System

• Definition: Installation of solar photovoltaic (SPV) panels on rooftops of residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional buildings.
• Types:
  1. With Battery Storage – Stores excess solar energy for later use.
  2. Grid Connected (SPV System) – Converts DC power from solar panels into AC power, which is used for captive consumption and surplus energy is fed into the grid. During low solar generation, the grid compensates for the shortfall.

Objectives of the Programme

• Achieve 40,000 MW capacity by 2022 (target set under the National Solar Mission).
• Central government allocation: ?11,814 crore.
• Phase II incentives:
  • Up to 40% subsidy for systems up to 3 kW.
  • 20% subsidy for systems between 3–10 kW.
• Increase the role of Distribution Companies (DISCOMs) in promotion and implementation.

Advantages of Grid-Connected Rooftop Solar

• Economic:
  • Reduces consumer electricity bills.
  • No additional land requirement as panels are roof-mounted.
  • Short gestation period compared to large-scale power projects.
• Technical:
  • Minimises transmission and distribution losses.
  • Reduces congestion and improves voltage at tail ends of distribution lines.
• Environmental:
  • Cuts carbon emissions.
  • Strengthens long-term energy and environmental security.

Implementation & Nodal Ministry

• Implemented by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).
• MNRE promotes research, innovation, and global collaboration in renewable energy sectors (solar, wind, hydropower, and biogas).
• Broader goals include:
  • Increasing renewable energy share in India’s energy mix.
  • Reducing dependence on oil-based energy.
  • Supporting clean cooking, heating, and energy equity across regions.