In News:

The Government of Kerala has declared tidal flooding as a State-specific disaster. It is the first time in India that a State has accorded such status to tidal flooding.

What is Tidal Flooding?

• Also known as:
  • Sunny day flooding
  • King tide flooding
  • Nuisance flooding
• Definition: Temporary inundation of low-lying coastal areas due to unusually high tides, without heavy rainfall or cyclonic activity.

Causes

• Combination of:
  • High tide cycles
  • Full moon and new moon phases
  • Offshore storms
  • Strong coastal winds
• Occurs twice daily with tidal cycles.
• More severe during spring tides (full moon and new moon).
• Unlike cyclone-induced storm surges, it is periodic and predictable, though intensifying due to sea-level rise.

Impact on Kerala Coast

• Common along Kerala’s coastline bordering the Arabian Sea.
• Temporary rise in sea level above identified thresholds.
• Inundates low-lying coastal settlements and agricultural lands.
• Affects fisheries, livelihoods, housing, and infrastructure.

Kerala Government’s Decision

Kerala became the first State in India to declare tidal flooding as a State-specific disaster, enabling financial assistance under SDRF norms.

• Victims will receive financial assistance similar to other notified natural disasters.
• Relief to be provided through the State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) framework.

Other State-Specific Disasters in Kerala

Kerala has also notified the following as State-specific disasters:

• Coastal erosion
• Lightning
• Strong winds
• Soil piping
• Heatwave / Sunstroke / Sunburn
• Human–wildlife conflict

Significance

Disaster Management Perspective

• Recognises climate-linked coastal risks beyond cyclones.
• Enhances institutional preparedness and targeted relief.

Climate Change Link

• Sea-level rise and coastal vulnerability are increasing frequency and severity.
• Highlights need for coastal zone management and adaptation planning.