In News:

The Supreme Court of India has recently ordered the Rajasthan government to impose an immediate ban on all mining activities within the core area of the Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, citing concerns over wildlife protection and habitat preservation.

About Ranthambore Tiger Reserve

• Location: Sawai Madhopur district, southeastern Rajasthan.
• Named After: Ranthambore Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, located within the reserve.
• Geographical Boundaries:
  • North: Bounded by the Banas River
  • South: Bounded by the Chambal River
• Terrain: High rocky plateaus, valleys, rivers, lakes, and historic ruins including forts and mosques.
• Total Area: ~1,411 sq.km, making it one of the largest tiger reserves in northern India.
• Surrounding Ranges: Located at the confluence of the Aravalli and Vindhya hill ranges.

Ecology and Biodiversity

Vegetation: Dominated by dry deciduous forests and open grassy meadows.

• Flora:
  • Predominantly Dhok tree (Anogeissus pendula).
  • Other species: Acacia, Capparis, Zizyphus, Prosopis, etc.

Water Bodies:

• Important lakes include:
  • Padam Talab
  • Raj Bagh Talab
  • Malik Talab

Fauna:

• Apex predator: Royal Bengal Tiger
• Other mammals:
  • Leopard, Caracal, Jungle Cat
  • Sambar, Chital, Chinkara, Wild Boar

Historical Significance: Previously served as the royal hunting grounds of the Maharajas of Jaipur.