In News:

Critically endangered yellow-crested cockatoos (Cacatuasulphurea) have established an unexpected refuge among Hong Kong’s urban landscape, including its parks and university campuses. Once native to Indonesia and East Timor, these snow-white birds with striking yellow crests now face multiple survival challenges, both globally and locally.

Population and Distribution

• The global wild population of yellow-crested cockatoos is estimated at up to 2,000 mature individuals, with around 10% residing in Hong Kong, largely as descendants of released or escaped caged birds.
• Historically, the species was widespread across central and eastern Indonesia and East Timor, but habitat loss has led to dramatic declines on many islands.
• In Hong Kong, they have adapted to urban life but depend on tree cavities for nesting, similar to their natural habitats.

Ecology and Behavior

• Appearance: Medium-sized cockatoo, predominantly white plumage, with a yellow or orange retractable crest.
• Habitat: Forests, forest edges, scrublands, and cultivated areas from sea level up to 1,500 meters.
• Diet: Omnivorous—seeds, fruits, nuts, berries, occasionally insects, small reptiles, and roots.
• Social Behavior: Monogamous, gregarious, and capable of mimicking sounds.
• Breeding Season: September to May.

Threats to Survival

• Habitat Loss: Typhoons, deforestation, and government-led tree trimming in urban areas reduce natural nesting sites.
• Illegal Pet Trade: Poaching continues to threaten wild populations in native habitats.
• Climate Change: Rising temperatures dry out forests, increasing susceptibility to fires and other environmental stresses.

Conservation Initiatives

To counter declining nesting opportunities, Hong Kong conservationists have implemented a practical solution: artificial nest boxes that replicate natural tree cavities.