In News:

After nearly 30 years of absence, the Red-Crowned Roofed Turtle (Batagurkachuga) has been rediscovered in the Ganga River — a significant success for conservation efforts aimed at reviving endangered freshwater species.

Overview

• Commonly known as the Bengal Roof Turtle, it is a rare species of freshwater turtle found only in South Asia.
• Scientific Name: Batagurkachuga

Geographical Distribution

• Native Range: India, Nepal, and Bangladesh.
• Historical Presence: Widely distributed across the Ganga River system in India and Bangladesh, with additional presence in the Brahmaputra River basin.
• Current Habitat in India: The most viable population is now confined to the National Chambal Sanctuary, a protected riverine stretch for species like gharials and turtles.

Distinctive Features

• Size: Medium-sized species, females can grow up to 56 cm in length and weigh up to 25 kg, while males are significantly smaller.
• Coloration: Notable for their reddish-orange head marked with a black crown, and a greenish-brown carapace patterned with yellow streaks.
• Plastron (under-shell): Yellow with distinctive black markings.
• Adaptations: Possess a broad head, strong jaws, and webbed feet, suited for an aquatic lifestyle.
• Diet: Omnivorous — consumes both plant material and small aquatic organisms.

Conservation Status

• IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered
• Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972: Listed under Schedule I – providing the highest level of legal protection in India.
• CITES: Included in Appendix II, regulating international trade.