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India’s space programme is set for a major expansion with the Third Satellite Launch Pad (TLP) being developed at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota. The facility, sanctioned in March 2025, is expected to be fully operational by March 2029, significantly strengthening India’s ability to handle next-generation launch vehicles (NGLV) and ambitious human spaceflight missions.

Development Timeline and Infrastructure

The TLP project has been structured with clear milestones:

• Civil works: by May 2028
• Fluid and propellant storage systems: by July 2028
• Launch pad systems: by September 2028
• Commissioning: by March 2029

Preliminary geotechnical investigations and topographic surveys were completed in May 2025. Currently, tenders for essential road, electrical, and infrastructure works are under evaluation.

Objectives and Capabilities

• Support NGLV Operations: The 91-metre-tall Next Generation Launch Vehicle, designed with semi-cryogenic stages, will have a payload capacity of up to 30 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)—a major leap from existing LVM3 capabilities.
• Backup for LVM3: Ensures continuity of operations in case of single-pad disruption.
• Enable Human Spaceflight: Provides critical infrastructure for the Gaganyaan mission, future astronaut flights, and crewed lunar landing plans by 2040.
• Facilitate Deep-Space Missions: Supports long-term goals like BharatiyaAntariksh Station (2035), lunar missions, and interplanetary exploration.

Key Features

• Advanced Propellant Systems: Compatible with cryogenic and semi-cryogenic fuels with higher thrust requirements.
• New Jet Deflection Systems: Built to withstand the powerful thrust of next-gen rockets.
• Make-in-India Integration: Emphasis on collaboration with private industry and MSMEs, ensuring maximum indigenous participation in design, construction, and manufacturing.
• Modular Construction: Use of multiple work packages for efficient execution.
• Increased Launch Capacity: Enhances frequency, redundancy, and capability to handle commercial as well as strategic missions.

Strategic Significance

1. Redundancy and Reliability – Reduces dependence on two existing pads, mitigating risks of delays due to maintenance or failure.
2. Future-Proofing India’s Space Infrastructure – Specifically designed for larger payloads, human-rated systems, and next-gen propulsion.
3. Boost to Space Economy – By enabling frequent and diverse launches, TLP supports India’s rising commercial space sector under the Make-in-India and Atmanirbhar Bharat initiatives.
4. Geopolitical Leverage – Strengthens India’s position in the global space economy, catering to both domestic and international clients.