1. With reference to defenceindigenisation in India, which one of the following statements is correct?

• Make-I is entirely industry-funded, while Make-II receives government funding.
• FDI in defence is capped at 49% through the automatic route.
• DAP 2020 accords the highest priority to Buy (Indian–IDDM).
• Defence Industrial Corridors have been established only in Uttar Pradesh.

2. Which one of the following best explains why E20 may reduce the mileage of certain vehicles?

• Ethanol has a lower energy density than petrol.
• Ethanol has a higher energy density than petrol.
• Ethanol completely prevents combustion at high temperatures.
• Ethanol increases the viscosity of petrol to very high levels.

3. The World Heritage Irrigation Structures (WHIS) programme is associated with which of the following organisations?

• UNESCO
• International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage
• International Water Management Institute
• World Bank

4. The Supreme Court’s 2024 judgment in State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh is particularly significant in the context of:

• Introduction of the creamy layer principle for OBCs
• Abolition of reservation for SCs and STs
• Allowing sub-classification within SC/ST reservation quotas
• Removal of Articles 341 and 342 from the Constitution

5. With reference to FAST-DS 2026, consider the following statements:

• 1 and 2 only
• 1, 2 and 3 only
• 2, 3 and 4 only
• 1, 2, 3 and 4