1. Regarding the QS World University Rankings 2026, consider the following statements:

1. India has achieved the third-largest institutional representation globally in these rankings.
2. The Indian Institute of Management–Kozhikode (IIM-K) has entered the global Top 100 in the 'by Subject' category for the first time.
3. The evaluation framework includes 'Sustainability' as one of its thematic lenses.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

• 1 and 2 only
• 2 and 3 only
• 1 and 3 only
• 1, 2 and 3

2. With reference to 'Waste Foundry Sand' (WFS), consider the following statements:

1. It is a byproduct primarily generated during the metal casting process.
2. 'Green Sand' is a type of foundry sand that uses synthetic chemical binders for high-strength molds.
3. WFS can be used as a partial substitute for natural sand in road subgrades and embankments.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• 1 only
• 1 and 3 only
• 2 and 3 only
• 1, 2 and 3

3. The recently discovered butterfly species Euthalia zubeengargi was recorded in which Indian state?

• Sikkim
• Assam
• Meghalaya
• Arunachal Pradesh

4. According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Annual Report 2025, which of the following statements is correct regarding India’s labour market?

• The Unemployment Rate (UR) increased to 5.2% due to methodological changes.
• Female Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) has reached 50% for the first time.
• The share of self-employment has declined, indicating a gradual formalisation of the workforce.
• Agriculture now accounts for more than 50% of total employment in India.

5. How does the SWOT (Surface Water and Ocean Topography) satellite contribute to mapping the ocean floor?

• By using high-powered underwater sonar waves to penetrate the deep sea.
• By measuring sea surface height variations caused by underwater gravitational differences.
• By capturing high-resolution optical photographs of the seabed through clear water.
• By tracking the migratory patterns of deep-sea creatures.