1. With reference to the RAMP Programme, consider the following statements:

1. It is implemented by NITI Aayog with support from the Asian Development Bank.
2. It aims to strengthen Centre–State coordination in MSME reforms.
3. It provides grants to States for preparing Strategic Investment Plans (SIPs).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• 2 only
• 2 and 3 only
• 1 and 3 only
• 1, 2 and 3

2. Consider the following statements regarding Large Language Models (LLMs):

1. They are based on transformer architecture using self-attention mechanisms.
2. They generate responses through next-token prediction.
3. All parameters of the model must be activated during inference in every architecture.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• 1 and 2 only
• 2 only
• 1, 2 and 3
• 1 only

3. Which of the following best distinguishes Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) from Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)?

• CCU stores CO? underground permanently.
• CCS converts CO? into chemicals and fuels.
• CCU converts captured CO? into useful products.
• CCS is used only in renewable energy plants.

4. With reference to the Sweden–India Technology and Artificial Intelligence Corridor (SITAC), consider the following statements:

1. It was launched through a legally binding treaty between India and Sweden.
2. It aims to facilitate structured engagement between governments, industry, startups and academia of both countries.
3. It focuses on development and deployment of AI solutions with real-world applications.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• 2 and 3 only
• 1 and 2 only
• 3 only
• 1, 2 and 3

5. With reference to Germany’s International Climate Initiative (IKI), consider the following statements:

1. It was established in 2008.
2. It supports mitigation, adaptation, and biodiversity projects.
3. India is among its priority partner countries.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

• 1 and 2 only
• 2 and 3 only
• 1 and 3 only
• 1, 2 and 3