1. Varkala Crater on Mars is scientifically significant because Varkala on Earth:

• Hosts India’s first rocket launch site
• Has laterite cliffs rich in jarosite
• Lies near the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot
• Is a major sedimentary basin

2. The Vision for Sujalam Bharat Summit 2025 is part of:

• NITI Aayog’s six thematic Departmental Summits
• Jal Jeevan Mission
• National Water Mission
• National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change

3. Operation Sagar Bandhu reflects India’s commitment to:

• Act East Policy
• SAGAR Doctrine only
• Neighbourhood First Policy and Vision MAHASAGAR
• Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative

4. Which of the following statements about egg production in India is correct?

• Backyard poultry contributes more than commercial poultry
• India ranks first globally
• Andhra Pradesh is the largest egg-producing state
• Per capita availability declined in 2024–25

5. India and Indonesia reaffirmed commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific by aligning:

• Quad principles with ASEAN Charter
• India’s IPOI with ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific
• SAGAR doctrine with APEC vision
• BIMSTEC framework with IORA