1. Consider the following statements regarding Mira variable stars:

1. They are hot, young stars with surface temperatures around 6,000 K.
2. Their brightness varies over regular cycles ranging between 100–1,000 days.
3. They can be used as “standard candles” for measuring cosmic distances.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• 1 only
• 2 and 3 only
• 3 only
• 1, 2 and 3

2. With reference to Exercise Yudh Kaushal 3.0, consider the following:

1. It marked the first operational deployment of ASHNI platoons.
2. It involved indigenous defence industry participation in live combat simulations.
3. It focused exclusively on naval operations in the Indian Ocean.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• 1 and 2 only
• 2 and 3 only
• 1 only
• 1, 2 and 3

3. ‘Educate Girls’, recently in news, became the first Indian NGO to win the Ramon Magsaysay Award. Which of the following best describes its mission?

• Promoting skill-based employment for rural women
• Providing healthcare to adolescent girls in tribal areas
• Bridging gender gaps in school education through community mobilisation
• Offering microfinance opportunities to rural households

4. With reference to Blue Sea Dragons, consider the following statements:

1. They belong to the nudibranch family of mollusks.
2. They are hermaphroditic, possessing both male and female reproductive organs.
3. They are found only in the Atlantic Ocean.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• 1 and 2 only
• 2 and 3 only
• 1 only
• 1, 2 and 3

5. Consider the following statements about Dalbergialatifolia (Indian rosewood):

1. It is native to the Nilgiris, Anamalai, and Parambikulam ranges in Tamil Nadu.
2. Field surveys (2019–25) revealed that Tamil Nadu recorded the highest density of rosewood trees in South India.
3. It is listed under Appendix II of CITES.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• 1 and 2 only
• 1 and 3 only
• 3 only
• 1, 2 and 3