1. Which of the following statements best describes the significance of Exercise PrachandPrahar (2025)conducted by India?

• It tested India’s blue-water naval dominance in the Indian Ocean region.
• It validated India’s nuclear triad capabilities in desert terrain.
• It demonstrated tri-service integrated multi-domain operations in high-altitude terrain.
• It focused on cyber defence preparedness in urban warfare scenarios.

2. Mount Kenya, which is facing rapid glacial retreat, is located in which of the following geographical settings?

• Along the Great Rift Valley, north of the Equator
• South of the Equator in Central Kenya
• In the Ethiopian Highlands
• On the border between Kenya and Tanzania

3. Consider the following statements regarding the Free Movement Regime (FMR) between India and Myanmar:

1. It allows unrestricted movement across the border for all citizens of both countries.
2. It was formally implemented in 2018 to support cultural and economic exchanges among border tribes.
3. It is restricted to movement up to 40 km on either side of the border.

Which of the statements arecorrect?

• 2 only
• 1 and 3 only
• 2 and 3 only
• All of the above

4. Which of the following is not a concern raised by the Maasai community regarding carbon credit projects in Tanzania?

• Forced relocation due to conservation laws
• Imposition of rigid rotational grazing systems
• Tokenistic or unclear financial compensation
• Nuclear energy project development on grazing land

5. According to a recent IISc study, what is the primary factor determining the northward movement of monsoon cloud bands over India?

• The pressure differential between ITCZ and Tibetan Plateau
• The strength of the Somali Jet
• The strength of Boreal Summer Intra-seasonal Oscillation (BSISO) and cloud band intensity
• The presence of El Niño